city,shanxiprovince,70kmfromwutaicountytown,140kmfromxinzhoucitytownand240kmfromtaiyuancityinthesouthwestand210kmfromdatonginthenorth,withatotalareaofabout2837sq.km.wutaimountainscenicspotareaissituatedintheregionwithtaihuaitownascenterinthe
northpartofwutaicounty,withanareaof376sq.km.itisanational?level
scenicspotareaatnationlevelandanationalclass4atouristscenicspotareawutaimountainhaspeaksrisingonehigherthananotherandchainofmountainsinstaggerlikeacoilingdragonandcrouchingtiger.thewholemountainhasmorethan1100varietiesofplantand,amongthem,thewutaimountainmushroomisboththegoodfoodforeatingandvaluabledrugandwasdeterminedasanarticleoftributebyanemperorinhistory
wutaimountainisthehighestmountainouslandinnorthchinaregion,withthenorthplatformtopbeingatanaltitudeof3058mabovesealevelandcalled“roofridgeofnorthchina”,wutaimountainhaditsnamebecauseithasfivemainpeakswithflatandbroadplatforms.ithasfivecalledcoolmountainbythebuddhistsbelieversandisoneofthefivemainbuddhistholylandsintheworldandalsoafamousactivityplaceofbuddhisminchina,rankingfirstamongthe“fourmainbuddhistfamousmountainsinchina,whereoftenreside1200monksandnunsnow,fromnorthweitoqingdynasty,theemperorsofthepastdynastiesallhavearrivedwutaimountainandtheeminentmonksandgreatteachersofwutaimountaincameforthinlargenumbers,thesegreatteachersandgrandmastersinthehistoryofchinesebuddhismhavemadeoutstandingcontributionsforthebuddhistcultureofwutaimountainsothatwutaimountainhasbeeaninstitutionfortheoverseasbelieverstostudyabroadandlistentoscripturesandwrittendownabrillianthistoricvolumeofsino-foreignculturalexchange.
wutaimountainisatreasure?houseofancientarchitectureofchina,wheretheculturalrelicsgathertogetherandtreasuresetogetherincrowds.now,wutaimountainhas47temples,andamongthemare4national-levelkeyculturalrelicpreservationunitsandnearly20areprovincial?levelkeyculturalrelicpreservationunits.ofthefourwood?structurebuildingsoftangdynastykeptinshanxi,twoareinwutaimountain,tangsong,liao,jin,yuan,mingandqingdynasties,andminguoallleftbehindlargebuildingsoftypicalwoodstructureandthisitselfisavolumeofvastandnumeriousancientarchitecturalhistoryofchina.
wutaimountainhaslongculturalhistoryandmagnificentnaturalsight.inthetemplesofthewholemountainatekept17445buddhastatues,224piecesofstonetablets,58piecesofhorizontalboards,7297volumesofscripturesbooksin928cases,frescoesof911sq.kmand1355piecesofvaluableculturalrelicssuchasmusicalinstrumentsusedinbuddhistmassandofferingwares.allthesearethevaluablematerialsforstudyingtheancienthistory.scienceandcultureandartsofchina.wutaimountainwasalsorenownedfortherevolutionarybasearea.intheinitialperiodofthewarofresistanceagainstjapan,wutaimountainwasthefirstbaseareaofresistanceagainstjapanbehindenemy’slinesinchinaandthebirthplaceofshanxi?chahar?hebeiborderarea.intheyearsofrevolutionarywar,therevolutionariesofoldgenerationsuchasmaozedong,zhouenlai,liushaoqiandzhudeandtheinternationalmunistfighterbatunefoughtandworkedhere.
today,whatwewilltouratfirstisxiantongtemple,xiantongtempleissituatedatthesouthfootoflingjiupeakinthecentraldistrictoftaihuaitownandisoneoffivemainmediationplacesofwutaimountain.itisalsotheleadertemplemostworshippedinthebuddhistcircleofwutaimountain.xiantongtempleoccupiesalandof43700sq.kmandhas400housesand65hallsintotal.it
wasinitiallybuiltintheeleventhyearofyongpingperiod,easthandynastyandhasahistoryofnearly2000yearstodate.sincethepeakofposatopisverysimilartothevulturepeakofindia(theplacewheresakyamunitaughtscripturesofhisdisciples),itwasnamedlingjiutempleafterthenameofthemountainlatermingemperorofhandynastyaddedtwocharacters“dafu”inchinese(meaninggrandnessandcreditability)before“lingjiutemple”sothatthepletenameoftemplewasdafulingjiutemple.itwasrebuiltinxiaowenemperorperiodofnorthweidynastyanddividedinto12courtyards.itwasalsocalledgardentemplebecauseofthegardeninfront.later,itwarrebuiltonceagainbytaizongemperoroftangdynastyandrenamedgreathuayantemplebywuzetianbecausethenewlytranslatedhuayanscriptureswerecollectedhere.itfinallywasgrantedahorizontalboard“largexiantongtemple”byzhuyuanhang,thetaizuemperorofmingdynasty[belltower]belltowerisoftwo?storeyedandthree-eavestructure,andonthebeaminthetowerishungabronzebell,thelargestoneinwutaimountain.suchbellwascalledlongringingbellandalsocalledherworldbellandcastinjulyoftheforty-eighthyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynasty.withaweightofupto9999.5jin.[dragonandtigertablets]thereisnoheavenkinghallbutonlytwopiecesofstonetabletsinxiantongtemple,thedragonandtigertabletsweseenow.thesetwotabletshavetheimpliedmeaningthatdragonandtigerisguardingthegateandthereisnoneedtotroublethefourmainheavenkings.[frontcourtyard]thetabletboard“rosycloudsdecoratedheavencity”ingoldcharactersonthetopofgatewaspersonallywrittenbyqinanlongemperor.inthehallareworshipped3statuesofbodhisattvas,withguanyinbodhisattvainthemiddleandwenshubodhisattvaandpuxianbodhisattvaonbothsidesseparately,soitwasalsocalled“three-main-scholarhall”itwasalsocalledscripturecollectionhallbecausescripturebooksarefullyplacedonbothsides.ineachoftheleftandrighttabletpavilionsoutsideguanyinhallisatablet.thetwotabletpavilionsarepletelythesameinsizeoftablet,shapesystemandpattern,onepieceengravedwith“tabletinscriptionofxiantongtemplepersonallywrittenbyemperor“andtheotherbeingcharacterlessandcalledcharacterlesstablet.thestonetabletsofwutainmountainareroughlydividedintoimperialtablet.officialdocumenttablet,meritsandvirtuestablet,eventrecordkeepingtablet,poemandwritingtablet,tombtabletandthespecialbuddhafoottabletandcharacterlesstablet.amongthespecialcharacterlesstabletsathome,threepiecesaremostattractive,ie
thefirstisthecharacterlesstabletleftonthetopoftaishanmountainforguardingagainstthesixstatesafterqinshiemperordefeatedthesixstates;thesecondisthecharacterless
tabletsetupbywuzetianatqiantombinxi’an,meaningthatmeritsanddemeritsaswellasrightandwrongwouldbeleftbehindtothelatergenerationstomentandnohandwritingwasleft;thethirdisthecharacterlesstabletweseejustnow,whichwassetupbykangxiemperor.thecharacterlessofthetabletseemedtopraisethatxiantongtemplewassograndandmagnificentandbuddhismwassobroadandprofoundthatitwasdifficulttoexpresstheminwrittenlanguage.asrecordin“annalsofcoolmountain”,underthetwopiecesofstonetabletsweretwocircularwaterponds.accordingtolegend,afterkangxiarrivingatwutaimountainatthattime,assoonasheenteredxiantongtemplehesawatfardistancethatthedecoratedarchonposatoplookslikeabigdragon-head.thetwowoodpoleslooklikedragonhorns,andthe108flightstepslooklikedragontongues,afterenteringxiantongtemple,kangxiaskedatonetheoldbuddhistabbotsaidjustcoincidedwithwhatkangxisaw,theoldbuddhistabbotsaidthat,whenthesunshinesonthewaterpondsatnoon,therewouldappeartwolightringsonbothsidesofthedecoratedarchofposa
topandposatopwasjustalivedragon.then,kangxigaveanordertoletthemonksofxiantongtemplefillupthetwowaterpondsandsetuptwopiecesofstonetablets,withonetabletbearingwrittenlanguageandtheothercharacterless.[largewenshuhall]wutaimountainistheplacewherewenshubodhisattvamakesbuddhist
rites,andinmostofthetempleswerebuildwenshuhall.whilethenameofthiswenshuhallwasprefixedwitha“large”,andsuchaword“large”contains4meanings;thefirstisthatxingtongtempleistheoldesttempleinwutaimountain‘thesecondisthatxiantongtempleisthetemplewithlargestfloorareaamongthetempleofwutaimountain‘thethirdisthatxiantongtempleisthetemplemostpletelypreservedinwutaimountain;thefourthisthatthenumberofwenshu
bodhisattvaworshippedhereismost(6statuesofwenshubodhisattvasintotal),sothatitiscalledlargewenshuhall,sincewenshuin5directionscanbeworshippedatthesametime,localpeoplecallit“convenientpilgrimageplatform”[daxiongprecioushall]
daxiongprecioushallwasalsocalledlargebuddhahall
,itisthemainbuildinginxiantongtempleandalsothecenterofthewholetemple.inthehallisworshippedthehorizontalbuddhaofthethirdgeneration
.daxiongwasthehonorifictitleofsakyamuni,sayinghewas“awarriorfearingnothing”thehallwasbuiltinthearchitecturalformwiththewoodstructureasprimarypartandtheupperfour?a-shapedroofsandlowerfourextendingcorridorsassecondary,with108woodcolumnssupportingthewholelargehallandthewallshavingonlythefunctionofshieldingoffthewindandresistingthecold,whenyouenterthehall,youwillfeelthatitisveryspacious.thishalloccupiesalandof1.2muandisthelargestdaxiongprecioushallinxutaimountain,itisalsotheplaceforholdinggrandbuddhistactivitiesinthetemple.thisisthefirstfeatureofxiantongtemple?pletewoodstructure.[beamlesshall]
beamlesshallisawhiteplete-brickarchitecturalstructure.itwasbuiltbypletelylayingupbrickswithoutuseofbeamsandhenceitsname“beamlesshall”,itlookslikeaeuropean?stylebuildinginappearanceandwaspaintedwhite.whiterepresentspurenessinthewest,whilesymbolizesthebuddhistpurelandandboundlessbrightnesshere.sincethishallismotsupportedbybeamsandcolumns,theweightofhalltopisbornebythethickandheavywallbodieson
foursides,toformasharpcontrastwithformofemulatingwoodstructure,andthebrick-laid
roundcolumnsanddipper?likearchesandcarvedextendingravesembodytypic.binedchineseandweststyles.thewholelargehallseemstohave7roomswhenyouarelookingexternally,butactuallyithasonly3rooms.itlookslikehavingtwofloorswhenyouarelookingoutdoorsbut,internally,itisaone-storeyedbuilding,theinteriorofthehalladaptedtheformofinternaldipper?likearch,whichisreducedfloorbyfloortoformaroofstyleofnaturalvault.thislargehallwasbuiltinthethirty?seventhyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynastyandhasahistoryofnearly400yearstillnow.thisisthesecondfeatureofxiantongtemple-architectureofpletebrickstructure.inthemiddleofhallisworshippedlushenabuddha,thebodystatueoftheancestorofbuddhaandstandsduohaobuddhapagoda,thethirteen?storeyedwoodpagodaofmingdynasty,whichisalsotheonlywoodpagodainwutaimountain.beamlesshallwasalsocaked“seven-placeandnine-meetinghall”,whichmeansthatsakyamunihastaughtscripturesinsevenplacesfor9times,therefore,itlookslikehavingsevenrooms.[thousandalms?bowlwenshuhall]
thewenshuwithonethousandalmsbowls,onethousandhandsandonethousandsakyasworshippedinthousandalms?bowlhallmayberatedararerushinthecastinghistory.itwascastintheninthyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynastythroughdesigningandfinancingfundsbyhanshanhimself,agrandmasteroftheage.[largebronzehall]
largebronzehallisofworldrenown,whenyouarelookingexternally,youcanfindthatitisofdoubleeavesandlying?mountaintopanddividedintotheupperandlowerfloors.oneachofthefoursidesofupperfloorarenounted6lattice-fans,andontheupperandlowerendsofeachlattice-fanarecarvedandcastgrass,trees,flowersandplantsaswellasbirdsandbeasts.oneachoftheupperandlowerpartsofthefourcolumnandcolumnbasebeingoneintegratedmassandfixingthe100thousandjinheavybronzehall.thefoursidesoftheupperfloorofthebronzehallaresurroundedbyabout1mhighrails.inbothendsoftheroofridgeofhallarecastseparatelytwolegendaryanimalsappearingvividlytofly,withawindmillstoneandpreciousbottleinthemiddle,thebronzehalllooksliketwofloorsinappearancebutactuallyisonlyoneroom,4.2minrowdepth,about4.7mwide,5mhighandcarvedwith10thousandstatuesofbuddhasfrominside,therefore,somebodyalsocalleditten-thousand?buddha
hall.thishallwasbuiltbymiaofeng,thefounderofasectofbuddhaism,throughbeggingalmsofonewanlyperiod.mingdynasty,thesaying“xiantong,xiantong,hundred-thousand-jinbronze”spreadamongthepeopleoriginatedfromhisbehavior.sincethishallwaspletelymadeofpletebronzebycasting,itembodiesthethirdfeatureofxiantongtemple?architectureofpletebronzestructure.
thefirstbronzepagodasandbronzehallswerecastinoneandthesameperiod,andrepresentthefiveorientationsandfiveplatformtopsofwutaimountain.themiddlethreeonesamongthemareruinedlaterwhilebeingsupplementarilycastinrecentyears.[backhighhall]
behindthelargebronzehallisbackhighhallsituatedinthehighestposition,whichwascalledscripturecollectionpavilioninthepast.now,hereisworshippedsweetdewwenshuwithasweetdewbottleheldinhand,tomeanthatthesweetdewissprinkledextensively.inthebothflanksareeightgrandexpoundingmasters,whowerethebuddhistgrandmasterspeciallyengagedinteachingandtranslatingscripturetexts.
第2篇：五台山显通寺导游词
city,shanxiprovince,70kmfromwutaicountytown,140kmfromxinzhoucitytownand240kmfromtaiyuancityinthesouthwestand210kmfromdatonginthenorth,withatotalareaofabout2837sq.km.wutaimountainscenicspotareaissituatedintheregionwithtaihuaitownascenterinthe
northpartofwutaicounty,withanareaof376sq.km.itisanational?level
scenicspotareaatnationlevelandanationalclass4atouristscenicspotareawutaimountainhaspeaksrisingonehigherthananotherandchainofmountainsinstaggerlikeacoilingdragonandcrouchingtiger.thewholemountainhasmorethan1100varietiesofplantand,amongthem,thewutaimountainmushroomisboththegoodfoodforeatingandvaluabledrugandwasdeterminedasanarticleoftributebyanemperorinhistory
wutaimountainisthehighestmountainouslandinnorthchinaregion,withthenorthplatformtopbeingatanaltitudeof3058mabovesealevelandcalled“roofridgeofnorthchina”,wutaimountainhaditsnamebecauseithasfivemainpeakswithflatandbroadplatforms.ithasfivecalledcoolmountainbythebuddhistsbelieversandisoneofthefivemainbuddhistholylandsintheworldandalsoafamousactivityplaceofbuddhisminchina,rankingfirstamongthe“fourmainbuddhistfamousmountainsinchina,whereoftenreside1200monksandnunsnow,fromnorthweitoqingdynasty,theemperorsofthepastdynastiesallhavearrivedwutaimountainandtheeminentmonksandgreatteachersofwutaimountaincameforthinlargenumbers,thesegreatteachersandgrandmastersinthehistoryofchinesebuddhismhavemadeoutstandingcontributionsforthebuddhistcultureofwutaimountainsothatwutaimountainhasbeeaninstitutionfortheoverseasbelieverstostudyabroadandlistentoscripturesandwrittendownabrillianthistoricvolumeofsino-foreignculturalexchange.
wutaimountainisatreasure?houseofancientarchitectureofchina,wheretheculturalrelicsgathertogetherandtreasuresetogetherincrowds.now,wutaimountainhas47temples,andamongthemare4national-levelkeyculturalrelicpreservationunitsandnearly20areprovincial?levelkeyculturalrelicpreservationunits.ofthefourwood?structurebuildingsoftangdynastykeptinshanxi,twoareinwutaimountain,tangsong,liao,jin,yuan,mingandqingdynasties,andminguoallleftbehindlargebuildingsoftypicalwoodstructureandthisitselfisavolumeofvastandnumeriousancientarchitecturalhistoryofchina.
wutaimountainhaslongculturalhistoryandmagnificentnaturalsight.inthetemplesofthewholemountainatekept17445buddhastatues,224piecesofstonetablets,58piecesofhorizontalboards,7297volumesofscripturesbooksin928cases,frescoesof911sq.kmand1355piecesofvaluableculturalrelicssuchasmusicalinstrumentsusedinbuddhistmassandofferingwares.allthesearethevaluablematerialsforstudyingtheancienthistory.scienceandcultureandartsofchina.wutaimountainwasalsorenownedfortherevolutionarybasearea.intheinitialperiodofthewarofresistanceagainstjapan,wutaimountainwasthefirstbaseareaofresistanceagainstjapanbehindenemy’slinesinchinaandthebirthplaceofshanxi?chahar?hebeiborderarea.intheyearsofrevolutionarywar,therevolutionariesofoldgenerationsuchasmaozedong,zhouenlai,liushaoqiandzhudeandtheinternationalmunistfighterbatunefoughtandworkedhere.
today,whatwewilltouratfirstisxiantongtemple,xiantongtempleissituatedatthesouthfootoflingjiupeakinthecentraldistrictoftaihuaitownandisoneoffivemainmediationplacesofwutaimountain.itisalsotheleadertemplemostworshippedinthebuddhistcircleofwutaimountain.xiantongtempleoccupiesalandof43700sq.kmandhas400housesand65hallsintotal.it
wasinitiallybuiltintheeleventhyearofyongpingperiod,easthandynastyandhasahistoryofnearly2000yearstodate.sincethepeakofposatopisverysimilartothevulturepeakofindia(theplacewheresakyamunitaughtscripturesofhisdisciples),itwasnamedlingjiutempleafterthenameofthemountainlatermingemperorofhandynastyaddedtwocharacters“dafu”inchinese(meaninggrandnessandcreditability)before“lingjiutemple”sothatthepletenameoftemplewasdafulingjiutemple.itwasrebuiltinxiaowenemperorperiodofnorthweidynastyanddividedinto12courtyards.itwasalsocalledgardentemplebecauseofthegardeninfront.later,itwarrebuiltonceagainbytaizongemperoroftangdynastyandrenamedgreathuayantemplebywuzetianbecausethenewlytranslatedhuayanscriptureswerecollectedhere.itfinallywasgrantedahorizontalboard“largexiantongtemple”byzhuyuanhang,thetaizuemperorofmingdynasty[belltower]belltowerisoftwo?storeyedandthree-eavestructure,andonthebeaminthetowerishungabronzebell,thelargestoneinwutaimountain.suchbellwascalledlongringingbellandalsocalledherworldbellandcastinjulyoftheforty-eighthyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynasty.withaweightofupto9999.5jin.[dragonandtigertablets]thereisnoheavenkinghallbutonlytwopiecesofstonetabletsinxiantongtemple,thedragonandtigertabletsweseenow.thesetwotabletshavetheimpliedmeaningthatdragonandtigerisguardingthegateandthereisnoneedtotroublethefourmainheavenkings.[frontcourtyard]thetabletboard“rosycloudsdecoratedheavencity”ingoldcharactersonthetopofgatewaspersonallywrittenbyqinanlongemperor.inthehallareworshipped3statuesofbodhisattvas,withguanyinbodhisattvainthemiddleandwenshubodhisattvaandpuxianbodhisattvaonbothsidesseparately,soitwasalsocalled“three-main-scholarhall”itwasalsocalledscripturecollectionhallbecausescripturebooksarefullyplacedonbothsides.ineachoftheleftandrighttabletpavilionsoutsideguanyinhallisatablet.thetwotabletpavilionsarepletelythesameinsizeoftablet,shapesystemandpattern,onepieceengravedwith“tabletinscriptionofxiantongtemplepersonallywrittenbyemperor“andtheotherbeingcharacterlessandcalledcharacterlesstablet.thestonetabletsofwutainmountainareroughlydividedintoimperialtablet.officialdocumenttablet,meritsandvirtuestablet,eventrecordkeepingtablet,poemandwritingtablet,tombtabletandthespecialbuddhafoottabletandcharacterlesstablet.amongthespecialcharacterlesstabletsathome,threepiecesaremostattractive,ie
thefirstisthecharacterlesstabletleftonthetopoftaishanmountainforguardingagainstthesixstatesafterqinshiemperordefeatedthesixstates;thesecondisthecharacterless
tabletsetupbywuzetianatqiantombinxi’an,meaningthatmeritsanddemeritsaswellasrightandwrongwouldbeleftbehindtothelatergenerationstomentandnohandwritingwasleft;thethirdisthecharacterlesstabletweseejustnow,whichwassetupbykangxiemperor.thecharacterlessofthetabletseemedtopraisethatxiantongtemplewassograndandmagnificentandbuddhismwassobroadandprofoundthatitwasdifficulttoexpresstheminwrittenlanguage.asrecordin“annalsofcoolmountain”,underthetwopiecesofstonetabletsweretwocircularwaterponds.accordingtolegend,afterkangxiarrivingatwutaimountainatthattime,assoonasheenteredxiantongtemplehesawatfardistancethatthedecoratedarchonposatoplookslikeabigdragon-head.thetwowoodpoleslooklikedragonhorns,andthe108flightstepslooklikedragontongues,afterenteringxiantongtemple,kangxiaskedatonetheoldbuddhistabbotsaidjustcoincidedwithwhatkangxisaw,theoldbuddhistabbotsaidthat,whenthesunshinesonthewaterpondsatnoon,therewouldappeartwolightringsonbothsidesofthedecoratedarchofposa
topandposatopwasjustalivedragon.then,kangxigaveanordertoletthemonksofxiantongtemplefillupthetwowaterpondsandsetuptwopiecesofstonetablets,withonetabletbearingwrittenlanguageandtheothercharacterless.[largewenshuhall]wutaimountainistheplacewherewenshubodhisattvamakesbuddhist
rites,andinmostofthetempleswerebuildwenshuhall.whilethenameofthiswenshuhallwasprefixedwitha“large”,andsuchaword“large”contains4meanings;thefirstisthatxingtongtempleistheoldesttempleinwutaimountain‘thesecondisthatxiantongtempleisthetemplewithlargestfloorareaamongthetempleofwutaimountain‘thethirdisthatxiantongtempleisthetemplemostpletelypreservedinwutaimountain;thefourthisthatthenumberofwenshu
bodhisattvaworshippedhereismost(6statuesofwenshubodhisattvasintotal),sothatitiscalledlargewenshuhall,sincewenshuin5directionscanbeworshippedatthesametime,localpeoplecallit“convenientpilgrimageplatform”[daxiongprecioushall]
daxiongprecioushallwasalsocalledlargebuddhahall
,itisthemainbuildinginxiantongtempleandalsothecenterofthewholetemple.inthehallisworshippedthehorizontalbuddhaofthethirdgeneration
.daxiongwasthehonorifictitleofsakyamuni,sayinghewas“awarriorfearingnothing”thehallwasbuiltinthearchitecturalformwiththewoodstructureasprimarypartandtheupperfour?a-shapedroofsandlowerfourextendingcorridorsassecondary,with108woodcolumnssupportingthewholelargehallandthewallshavingonlythefunctionofshieldingoffthewindandresistingthecold,whenyouenterthehall,youwillfeelthatitisveryspacious.thishalloccupiesalandof1.2muandisthelargestdaxiongprecioushallinxutaimountain,itisalsotheplaceforholdinggrandbuddhistactivitiesinthetemple.thisisthefirstfeatureofxiantongtemple?pletewoodstructure.[beamlesshall]
beamlesshallisawhiteplete-brickarchitecturalstructure.itwasbuiltbypletelylayingupbrickswithoutuseofbeamsandhenceitsname“beamlesshall”,itlookslikeaeuropean?stylebuildinginappearanceandwaspaintedwhite.whiterepresentspurenessinthewest,whilesymbolizesthebuddhistpurelandandboundlessbrightnesshere.sincethishallismotsupportedbybeamsandcolumns,theweightofhalltopisbornebythethickandheavywallbodieson
foursides,toformasharpcontrastwithformofemulatingwoodstructure,andthebrick-laid
roundcolumnsanddipper?likearchesandcarvedextendingravesembodytypic.binedchineseandweststyles.thewholelargehallseemstohave7roomswhenyouarelookingexternally,butactuallyithasonly3rooms.itlookslikehavingtwofloorswhenyouarelookingoutdoorsbut,internally,itisaone-storeyedbuilding,theinteriorofthehalladaptedtheformofinternaldipper?likearch,whichisreducedfloorbyfloortoformaroofstyleofnaturalvault.thislargehallwasbuiltinthethirty?seventhyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynastyandhasahistoryofnearly400yearstillnow.thisisthesecondfeatureofxiantongtemple-architectureofpletebrickstructure.inthemiddleofhallisworshippedlushenabuddha,thebodystatueoftheancestorofbuddhaandstandsduohaobuddhapagoda,thethirteen?storeyedwoodpagodaofmingdynasty,whichisalsotheonlywoodpagodainwutaimountain.beamlesshallwasalsocaked“seven-placeandnine-meetinghall”,whichmeansthatsakyamunihastaughtscripturesinsevenplacesfor9times,therefore,itlookslikehavingsevenrooms.[thousandalms?bowlwenshuhall]
thewenshuwithonethousandalmsbowls,onethousandhandsandonethousandsakyasworshippedinthousandalms?bowlhallmayberatedararerushinthecastinghistory.itwascastintheninthyearofwanlyperiod,mingdynastythroughdesigningandfinancingfundsbyhanshanhimself,agrandmasteroftheage.[largebronzehall]
largebronzehallisofworldrenown,whenyouarelookingexternally,youcanfindthatitisofdoubleeavesandlying?mountaintopanddividedintotheupperandlowerfloors.oneachofthefoursidesofupperfloorarenounted6lattice-fans,andontheupperandlowerendsofeachlattice-fanarecarvedandcastgrass,trees,flowersandplantsaswellasbirdsandbeasts.oneachoftheupperandlowerpartsofthefourcolumnandcolumnbasebeingoneintegratedmassandfixingthe100thousandjinheavybronzehall.thefoursidesoftheupperfloorofthebronzehallaresurroundedbyabout1mhighrails.inbothendsoftheroofridgeofhallarecastseparatelytwolegendaryanimalsappearingvividlytofly,withawindmillstoneandpreciousbottleinthemiddle,thebronzehalllooksliketwofloorsinappearancebutactuallyisonlyoneroom,4.2minrowdepth,about4.7mwide,5mhighandcarvedwith10thousandstatuesofbuddhasfrominside,therefore,somebodyalsocalleditten-thousand?buddha
hall.thishallwasbuiltbymiaofeng,thefounderofasectofbuddhaism,throughbeggingalmsofonewanlyperiod.mingdynasty,thesaying“xiantong,xiantong,hundred-thousand-jinbronze”spreadamongthepeopleoriginatedfromhisbehavior.sincethishallwaspletelymadeofpletebronzebycasting,itembodiesthethirdfeatureofxiantongtemple?architectureofpletebronzestructure.
thefirstbronzepagodasandbronzehallswerecastinoneandthesameperiod,andrepresentthefiveorientationsandfiveplatformtopsofwutaimountain.themiddlethreeonesamongthemareruinedlaterwhilebeingsupplementarilycastinrecentyears.[backhighhall]
behindthelargebronzehallisbackhighhallsituatedinthehighestposition,whichwascalledscripturecollectionpavilioninthepast.now,hereisworshippedsweetdewwenshuwithasweetdewbottleheldinhand,tomeanthatthesweetdewissprinkledextensively.inthebothflanksareeightgrandexpoundingmasters,whowerethebuddhistgrandmasterspeciallyengagedinteachingandtranslatingscripturetexts.
第3篇：山西省显通寺导游词范本
大家好，我是导游..。今天，有幸能和您在这佛国胜地相逢，是我们的缘份。这次由我陪大家一起游览五台山著名的古刹显通寺，我感到非常高兴，希望通过我的讲解和服务，能使您对显通寺留下深刻印象，对这次游览能有一个美好的回忆。
我们将要参观游览的显通寺，位于台怀镇寺庙群，它的前身是“大孚灵鹫寺”，最早建于东汉永平年间，距今已经有近两千年的历史了。在两千年的风风雨雨中，显通寺几经修整重建。北魏扩建显通寺时，设置了十二院，并设有专门的塔院，结构比较松散，体现了宋元以前寺院以佛塔和钟楼为主建筑群。布局较为随便自然的风格，现在的显通寺，即以前十二院中的善住院，是明清时的建筑和格局。寺内古树参天，香烟缭绕，占地4.37万平方米，有房屋殿宇四百多。中轴线上七座大殿，或雄伟庄严，或精巧玲珑，相互辉映。东西廊房对称配合，总体*彩华丽典雅，带有宫廷建筑的特点，体现了明清时寺院布局严谨、富丽庄重的风格，是明清时庙宇建筑的典型。
这座幽幽古刹是目前五台山规模最大，历史最悠久的寺院，是五台山五大禅处、十大青庙之一。明永乐三年，在此设“都纲司”，使它成为五台山青庙的首领庙。历代文人墨客在这里留下了许多著名诗句，如“五月行踪入大孚，万松如剪雪平铺。……炉烟经卷停云阁，不信人间有画图。”（引自文物出版社出版的《五台山》第7页）等。*在1982年把显通寺列为国家级重点文物保护单位。
我们将要参观的重点是显通寺的钟楼，以及中轴线上的一系列建筑。我们在显通寺将游览一个小时，之后我们在钟楼下集中。
前面这座高大的建筑就是显通寺钟楼，它建于明代，是显通寺较早的一处建筑。它的下层是一个石旋洞，是通往显通寺的要道。上层是高大的木结构钟楼，为两层三檐庑廊式结构，上承十字顶，脊顶四端有四个雕刻精巧的龙头。我们往上看，廊柱飞檐，交相辉映，十分壮观。从上面远眺，层层山峦，簇簇寺庙，历历在目，使人心胸开阔，大有“欲穷千里目，更上一层楼”的感觉。
细心的游客可能已经看到钟楼上“震悟大千”这四个字了，“大千”即“大千世界”，是佛教用语的“三千大千世界”的简称，指广阔无边的世界。“震悟大千”的意思是说佛法无边，在佛祖释迦牟尼的教化和感召下，整个大千世界都震悟觉醒了。
既然叫钟楼，那一定离不了钟，现在我们上楼去看五台山最大的一口铜钟。
这口钟叫“幽冥钟”，又叫“长命钟”，是明万历四*年铸造的，重达万斤，因要避讳“万岁”的“万”字，实际只有9999.5斤。钟口边缘呈波浪形，颜*呈暗褐*，敲钟时发出深沉圆润、深厚宏亮的声音，顺风可传十多里，余音达几分钟。
在没有现代先进技术的古代，要铸造这样的一口巨钟，实在不是一件容易的事情。铸造时，采用我国历史上铸造技术要求最高的传统工艺——无模铸造，即“泥坑法”（引自*旅游出版社出版的《五台山导游》第17页）。巨钟的铸造，充分反映了我国古代劳动*的高度智慧和创造才能。
显通寺的铜钟，不仅是古代铸造技术的代表作，而且赋予了它浓厚的佛教文化*彩，它不同于我国民间讲的“晨钟暮鼓”之钟。关于敲钟就很有讲究。
大家都知道“做一天和尚撞一天钟”这句话，它已成为“得过且过”的代名词。因为在许多人看来，撞钟很简单，到时辰敲几下就可混过一天，既不用动脑子，又不多花力气。这实际上是对佛门职事僧工作的误解。撞钟时，要撞出轻重缓急的节奏，钟声要抑扬顿挫，传的远还要回荡不息，要撞出具有五台山特*的钟声和佛教乐理的神秘。早晚两次撞钟，要紧七下、慢八下，不紧不慢二十下，这是一通，重复三次，共撞105下，最后在撞三下，前后共108下。撞钟时还要念固定的佛经。
大家都知道张继的诗“姑苏城外寒山寺，夜半钟声到客船”，诗中寒山寺钟声之所以著名，不仅是因为夜半钟声，更在于必须在二十分钟内敲完108下，而且最后一下，要敲在夜半十二点正，不能提前或推后一秒。可以想象，如此纯熟的撞钟功夫，是“*冻三尺非一日之寒”。据说敲完钟的和尚都有“钟行汗步出钟楼，犹如卸下千斤担”之感。由此可见撞钟绝非易事，来不得半点虚假，就和我们做人一样，要实实在在。
此外，钟的外表刻有一部楷书佛经，共一万多字，字迹端正清晰，可惜我们现在看不到这些铸字了。大家看，这口钟里里外外已被成千上万的纸条遮挡住了。为什么在钟上贴这么多纸条呢？有这样一种说法：有威望的和尚圆寂后，要把他的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，与钟长鸣，好象在通知西方极乐世界，又一位高僧往生极乐了。现在，人们为了求得佛祖保佑，也把自己或亲朋好友的名字贴在钟上，然后把钟敲响，不过贴名字还有个讲究，为死去的人祈求平安要贴在钟内，为活着的人祈求幸福要贴在钟外。如果您有兴趣，可千万别贴错啊。
好了，各位游客，参观完这口巨钟，让我们一起步入古树幽幽的显通寺内院游览。
大家请跟我来，从这儿进去，我们将参观中轴上观音殿、大文殊殿等七座大殿。在这里，我要请大家想一想，我们讲过，寺院第一座大殿一般是天王殿，供四大天王以守护寺院，为什么显通寺第一座大殿不是天王殿呢？听完我的讲解，您自然会明白。
明代以前，现在的显通寺和前面的塔院寺原本是一座寺庙，天王殿在最前面，明成祖永乐五年（1047），分为现在塔院寺和显通寺两处庙宇，显通寺就没有天王殿了，但一个寺又不能没有守护神，于是在两侧立了两块石碑，大家看，一边是“龙”，一边是“虎”，用“龙”“虎”代替四大天王守护寺院，名叫“有龙虎把门，不用四大天王劳驾”。
中轴线上第一座大殿叫观音殿，因在最南端，所以又叫南殿。旧时，寺院举行的赈济水陆生灵的水陆法会道场也设在这儿，故又称水陆殿。殿内供奉观世音、文殊、普贤三大士，观音居中，殿两侧是护法天神。
观音菩萨，虽然在佛国世界中并非首脑，但她却是*善男信女们最崇拜的对象，因为她大慈大悲，救苦救难，符合老百姓朴素的为人心理。
我们都知道，声音要听，景物要看，而观音菩萨的名字却很有意思，叫“观世音”，即看世间声音。其实不难理解，观音菩萨法力高强，六根圆通，当然可以“观世间声音”，这“观”，不是用眼，而是用智慧观世间疾苦，以解救芸芸众生。
五台山是文殊菩萨的道场，许多寺庙内都有专门的文殊殿，显通寺也是如此。前面这座大殿便是大文殊殿。
文殊殿前立有两块石碑，并建有碑亭。石碑高2米，宽不足1米。立于康熙四十六年，即公元1707年。大家请仔细看一看，这两座石碑有什么区别呢？立碑，总是为记述什么，可您仔细看过后，会发现西边这通是一块无字碑。大家都知道，西安乾陵武则天墓前有块著名的无字碑。有人说那正是武则天的聪明之处，自己的功过是非留给后人评说。那这里的无字碑又是为什么而立呢？原来啊，康熙皇帝来五台山朝山时，站在一进门的地方，发现菩萨顶象条龙，而大文殊殿前两个水池的反光正是龙眼。古代人们认为皇帝是真龙天子，天下只能有一个，而这儿又出现了一条龙，那还了得，于是，康熙一怒之下让人把大文殊殿前两个水池用石碑压住了。石碑立好后，庙内老僧请康熙写碑文，可康熙只写了一篇，便起驾还朝了。从此显通寺就留下了这块无字碑。
文殊殿，以供奉文殊为主。我们进殿看，正中这尊最大的塑像是大智文殊。文殊全称文殊师利菩萨，是佛祖释迦牟尼的左胁侍，他专司“智慧”，在四大菩萨中地位最高。他的坐骑是一只雄武的猛狮，代表勇猛和智慧。
我们前面讲过，五座台顶都有寺庙，庙内文殊各不相同，在大文殊殿内便供奉有五台文殊。大智文殊左侧一尊是西台的狮子吼文殊，右侧一尊是东台的聪明文殊，前面三尊分别是南台的智慧文殊、中台的孺童文殊和北台的无垢文殊，殿内两侧是十二圆觉菩萨。
文殊菩萨是智慧的象征，所以希望自己或亲朋好友聪明的善男信女们往往顶礼膜拜，求文殊赐予智慧，不过拜文殊只是人们追求智慧的一种形式，要得到真正的智慧，还需靠自己努力，去求索、奋斗。
*古代寺庙分为接待游方僧人的十方庙和不接待游方僧人的子孙庙。那么如何区分呢？我想您一定也想知道。我们往后走，看韦驮天神的姿态便会明白了。
在大智文殊背后，这尊神武的塑像就是韦驮。从他站立的姿态，我们可以区分十方庙和子孙庙。您看这座韦驮像，双手合十，法器横于两腕之上，象是欢迎四方宾朋香客，这表明，此庙是十方庙。韦驮还有另一种姿态。左手握金刚杵，杵尖拄地，右手叉腰，一副拒人以千里之外的模样，不用问，这座庙一定是子孙庙，游方和尚看到他的姿态就会另觅栖身之所了。
不过现今，随着社会的发展、开放，各个寺庙都接待游方僧人，不再有十方庙和子孙庙之分了。
唐代以后的寺院布局一般以大雄宝殿为主建筑，大文殊殿后便是显通寺的主殿——大雄宝殿。大家可以看到，大殿规模宏伟，占地1.2亩。庄严肃穆，布局紧凑，是五台山罕见的大殿，“大雄”是对释迦牟尼的尊称，意思是“一切无畏的大勇士”。
在进入大殿前，我给大家留一个问题，请大家留意寻找*。如何从塑像外表区分佛、菩萨和罗汉？
大家请进殿。大雄宝殿一般供奉三世佛。您看，正中这尊主佛是佛祖释迦牟尼，他是我们中间婆娑世界的教主，他左侧是东方净琉璃世界的教主*师佛，右侧是西方极乐世界的教主阿弥陀佛。他们头顶卷发、雍容典雅。请大家记住，头上是卷发。
释迦牟尼在历史上确有其人，他出生于公元前六世纪的古代印度。据佛经记载，他看到人间生老病死的痛苦，于是离家出走，潜心修炼，最终创立了佛经。它的追随者们尊称他为“释迦牟尼”，意思是释迦族的圣人。
大殿两侧的塑像是*罗汉，他们神情各异，栩栩如生，突破了神像塑造手法的拘谨，反映了生活中人物的各种表情。尽管表情各不相同，但他们还有一个共同特点，你发现了吗？就是头上空空如野，烦恼丝全无。请大家记住，神情各异，头上空空。
看完*罗汉，我们在看三世佛背后。这三位头戴菩萨冠的便是三大士；文殊、普贤、观音三大菩萨。那么如何区分他们三位呢？我告诉大家一个简单的办法，看他们的坐骑，文殊骑狮、普贤骑象、观音骑朝天吼。知道了他们的坐骑，在大多数寺院都可以区分他们了。
讲到这里，我要旧事重提了，如何从外表区分佛、菩萨和罗汉呢？
对了，佛头上是卷发，菩萨头戴菩萨冠，而罗汉头上则是空无一发，神情悠悠自得。现在您能区分他们了吗？
大雄宝殿作为主殿，庙内大型佛事活动一般都在这里举行，如受戒仪式。还留下了康熙赠龙袍的传说，他让方丈初一、十五穿龙袍代他理佛。可惜这件龙袍一九四八年被盗，没能留到现在。否则，它将是一件珍贵文物。虽然康熙的龙袍被盗了，但他亲笔手书的匾额“真如权应”却留了下来。大家抬头看这块匾，它同样是一件珍贵文物。
大家请继续往后走。我们都知道，*古代建筑大多为木结构，可显通寺内却有一座别具特*的砖石结构大殿，因没有大梁和柱子，所以名叫“无梁殿”。
大家看，大雄宝殿后的这座大殿就是无梁殿，它建于明代，又名“七处九会殿”，取佛祖曾在七处讲经九次之意。又取“佛法无量”之意叫“无量殿”。
无梁殿设计生动，结构奇特，外观是两层楼房，殿内是三间砖窑，中间大两边小。中间供释迦牟尼的报身像铜质卢舍那佛，左边是多宝佛塔，右边是*师佛。殿正面每层有七个阁洞，两侧各有五个，据说是僧人坐功的地方。殿两侧有夹墙，墙内有砖砌楼梯，上面走廊绕殿一周。据建筑学家鉴定，这座大殿有三个特点，一是设计生动；二是修建技术高超；三是结构坚固。这样富丽堂皇的建筑，充分反映了古代劳动*的聪明才智。
在无梁殿之后，是千钵文殊殿。殿虽小，但有五台山独一无二的极其珍贵的铜铸“千钵文殊像”。我们来看，这尊文殊像造型独特，垒叠着五个头型，胸前有六只大手，各持法器，其中有两只手捧着金钵，钵上端坐释迦牟尼坐像。身体两侧向四周伸出一千只手，每只手内有一钵，每只钵中都有释迦像，代表文殊菩萨智慧无边。这尊文殊像是明代铸造的在铜铸艺术中，可以说是珍品。无论手的形状或手中的钵体以及钵中佛像，铸造的细腻和造型的新颖，在全国这一类艺术品中是罕见的。
在显通寺，我们已见到了铜钟、千钵文殊等铜铸艺术的佳品。下面我们将看到的是显通寺铜铸艺术中最杰出的代表-----铜殿。人们说“显通、显通、十万铜”就是指它。大家看，前面高台上那座殿宇就是铜殿。
*的冶炼铸造技术，在商周时期就领先于世界，陆续出土的精美的青铜器铸件，都有力的*了*古老文化的悠久历史。在*广阔的大地上，留下了许多有极高艺术价值和学术价值的珍品，象显通寺铜殿如此规模巨大，铸造精美的作品在全国也是少见的。
据《清凉山志》记载：“明妙峰、名福登，发愿造渗金三大士像、并铜殿……。三大名山之铜殿，亦登所亲制……”。由此可见，妙峰法师曾铸三座铜殿，其一便是大家面前的铜殿。铸于明万历年间，据说是按照万历皇帝的意图铸造的。那么这铜殿和万历皇帝有什么关系呢？原来是万历的母亲李太后示意儿子修造一座铜殿，为百姓祈福，做点功德善事，以保大明江山万代传。由于是下令铸造，为了取“万”字的吉利，所以铸造此殿的铜来自全国一万家，共用铜十万斤，殿内铜壁上铸有小佛一万尊，意味着祝李太后万寿无疆。
大家看，铜殿规模不很大，但结构精巧，外观是两层楼，上层四面各有六扇门，下层四面各有八扇门，上面都铸有精美图案。
大家请走近仔细欣赏。您看这些花纹图案，它们把民间传统文学以及人们对美好生活的向往与佛教建筑完美的结合起来，这二龙戏珠、丹凤朝阳、牡丹出瓶、玉兔拜月、老鼠盗葡萄、狮子滚绣球等等，无一不精，无一不细，细到连老鼠胡须、牡丹花蕊也清晰可见。殿内主像是高约一米的铜铸文殊骑像，铸造精巧，栩栩如生。
*古代建筑一惯讲究*统一。在铜殿前，原有五座铜塔，暗合东南西北中五台之数，它们与铜殿相辉映，形成一个*统一的铜铸艺术组合。在五座铜塔中，东西两座为明代原物。两座塔形相似，为八角十三层，小巧玲珑。高度相仿，高约二丈。也是我国铸造艺术的代表作。中间三座原为清代所铸，后毁坏了，现在三座是以后补铸的。
显通寺的铜殿和铜塔，毫不夸张地说，铸造艺术是空前的，价值是无法估量的。那优美的造型、完整的结构、巧妙的布局、宏伟的气魄、精巧的图案，无一不显示出我国古代劳动*的高度艺术水平和智慧。因此，它们被列为五台山十景之一。
在铜殿后面，是中轴线上最后一座大殿——藏经殿，又叫后高殿，原是显通寺存放珍贵经书的地方。八十年代，这里曾做过文物陈列室
各位宾客，显通寺我就给大家介绍到这里，在讲解和服务中，如有什么不足和失误，希望大家原谅，并给我指出，以便在今后的讲解中能避免。
现在，我们还有十五分钟时间，留给大家尽情领略佛国古刹的清幽。十五分后我们钟楼下见。在这里，我谢谢大家的合作，谢谢！